Thomas j



To all to whomjt't map concern:

seessiusem wi ward motion to acolumn oflair or gas in asp I studied gm THOMAS .JLQHUBB, oF'WILLIAMsBuRc, NEW YORK;

IMPROVEMENT- m nnnucnve onus:

The Schedule referred to in these Let1:em Patent, and making of the same.

V Be it known that I, TnoMAs J. OHUBB, of Williamsburg, Kings county, in the State of New York,

have discovered and invented new Improvements in the Process of Reducing Ores, melting and refining metals, and producing: animproved quality of com bustible gas; audI do hereby declare that the fol lowing isa full and exact description thereof.

The nature of my'invention and improvement consists in producing a revibrating, agitated motion to a currentor currents of flame in a combustion-chamber, or to the gases, onto the air in the-passages leadin g to a combustion heating, melting, orrefiningschamber, producing a perfect combustion and an intense heat, and causing the same heated gases or flame to repeatedly pass, revibrate, andrepass the article or substance intended to be heated, and continuously im-i pinging fresh atoms of the heated gases against the substance to be acted upon by the heat, avoiding an intense, cutting blast, and producinga great economy of fuel.

Also, in producing a revibrating, agitated motion to oraround, 1n and amongst heated coal or other fuel, carbonaceous or gas-producing substances inthe furnace, or in a gas-producer, whereby the current of air, steam, or

gases admitted into the furnace is caused jo enter f into the cavities between, amongst, and through the fuel, and then revibrateor repeatedly passing and repassing in and out andthrough' and amongst and into each and every cavity, and is held in near contact withwthe burning or heated'carbonaceous matter,'until each and every atom of oxygen contained in said current of air, steam, or gases, iscombined with a per tion of the carbohyztudpasses off as carbonic oxide, and the steam or moisture is fully decomposed, and the hydrogen, or a portion thereof, corhbjnedalso with a portion of the carbon, and finallypasses oif as. carburetted hydrogen, producing a richer,a more inflammable, and a higher heat-producing gas, with a whiter flame, than is usuallyproduccd by a steady current of air, steam, or gas, andavoiding the' production and mixture of so large a prop'ortion of useless gases as is usually produced by other means. 1

To enable others skilled in the art to use v'ention and improveme scribe the my innt, I will proceed hereby to depumpwithout any valves, or similar. to abelloyvs'without a valve-opening, or any of the well-know me chanical devices for producing a backward a and then a partial vacuum in said pipe or flue.

To employ this agitating motion of a column of air enteringinto'ivheating or melting-furnace, the cornbustible gas should be conducted into the heating or melting-chamber in one fine or passage, and the re-' condition, should be conducted into said chamber or place of combustion by another flue or pipe.' The effect produced is, that the whole of, the air .or gas or agitated condition, changing and interchanging positions, mingling the atoms of gas and air with a rapidity only equalled by an intense blast similar to a blow-pipe. The supply of fresh air in said pipe or flue may be drawn, forced, or admitted, by a separate passage, into said main pipe.

This agitating-motion may be employed in most all placeswhere great heat is required, and a perfeo combustion of the gas or fuel is the result.

To produoea superior quality of combustible gas, I employa gas-producingi'urnace or apparatus similar to those shown in myprevious patents, or any other construction of apparatus.

the air or steam, or both, for supporting combustion, by and through, a large pipe, from six to ten times as large as would be required to supply the required amount of steam, air, 850., to support combustion by a steady or with each of them, by a large opening with an ad justable valve to each opening; and in communication with this large main pipe, I arrange and attach a large pump without any valves, or some other equivalent mechanical devioe,.so that when the piston of the pump is operatedbackward and forward, so also are the air, stcam,&c., in the main pipe, and in and throughout all or other carbonaceous gas-producing substances there- 'in, by which means I repeatedly force the air, steam,

ing the air or gases in said cavities with such great rato effectually and perfectly decompose the air, steam,

of fresh air or steam beingadmitted, (comparatively proper heat has been attained, the air may be omitted entirely, and the oxygen required to form carbonic-oxderived entirely from the decomposed water'or steam.

By extracting the oxygen from steam, in place of atmospheric air, Iprevent the mixing and impoverishi'ng of the highly combustible quality of the gas with nitrogen from the air.

\ flue, and producing, intermittently, a slight pressure,

vibrating current of air, either in a heated or,cold.

gases entering in this chamber is constantly in ahighly- I close all the openings below the fuel, and admit blast. This pipe communicates with the gas-producers,

parts of the gas produced, and through the coal, coke,

850., in and out of every cavity in the fuel,interchangpidity that a suiliciently high degree of heat is produced and carbonaceous matter with a very small amount with a-steady blast.) With some kinds of coal, after the ide gas with the coke, (or carbon of the fuel,) may he I th'usproduce a gas that is capable of supporting a higher degree of heat when burned in hot or cold atmospheric air, than is usual inthe old way.

This improved quality of gas may be employed for all purposes where heat and light are required, with great economy.

What I claim, is

1. Efi'ecting' the heating, reducing, melting, or refining of ore, metals, metallic or earthy substances by aid of an agitated intermittent reciprocating or revibrating motion to a current or blast of air or gas entering the combustion-chamber of a furnace, for the purpose of producing a perfect combustion of the air and gases, and for the purpose of facilitating the ac-" tion of the heated gases or flame to heat the metal (or other substance to be acted upon by the heated gasesl) without a cutting blast.

2. The employment of an agitating, re'vibrating motion to air, steam, gas, or gases passing through or amongst particles of coal or other carbonaceous matter in a gas-producing furnace or apparatus, for the.

purpose of aiding the production or improving the quality of combustible gas.

3. Efiecting the heating, reducing, melting, or refining of ores, metals, metallic or earthy substances by aid of gas, produced substantially as set forth.

4. Producing combustible gas by aid of an agitated intermittent reciprocating or revibrating motion to the air, steam, gas, or gases in immediate contact with the coal or other carbonaceous substances in a gasproduoing furnace or apparatus.

.THOS. J. OHUBB.

Witnesses:

. S. SNYDER LEIDY, H. DE HAVEN. 

